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Evidence

Manuscripts

Sirach (Ecclesiasticus / The Wisdom of Ben Sira)

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Era
c. 190–175 BC (Hebrew); Greek translation c. 132 BC
Location
Jerusalem; Hebrew fragments from Qumran Cave 2 and Masada, medieval Hebrew copies from the Cairo Geniza
Discovered
Qumran Cave 2 (2Q18), Masada scroll 1964, Cairo Geniza 1896
Note on contested claims: Canonical in Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Bibles; excluded from the Hebrew canon and printed in the Apocrypha by Protestants. Berean carries Sirach as Second Temple wisdom literature, not as Scripture.

A Jerusalem teacher's book of wisdom, written around 180 BC and translated into Greek by his grandson — the only book of the Apocrypha whose author signs his own name.

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